ESTABLISHMENT OF ISTANBUL

Megaras BC 658-657 years from the present Topkapi Palace is located in the Seraglio and thence extending to Ahırkapı district formed a small city locality . They have established a fortified city , they turned around . To the city 's name with respect to the heads Vizas " Vizas City" which means Vizantio 's ( Bizantion ) gave the name . The walls surrounding the city , starting from the Seraglio , taking into today's Hagia Sophia , Basilica Cistern are going through and making an arc , the Blue Mosque and the surrounding area was reaching the sea in the neighborhood of Ahırkapı to stay outside . Argostians later , under the orders of the president come from Zevksippos , settled in Byzantium . Thus, they replicate the city's population . City , in a short time farmers and fishermen as a place of advanced also in the Aegean Sea to the Black Sea ships plying for the haunt and stopping place when the importance of kazanmıştır.şehr is the founder Vizas , by today's Topkapi Palace is located on a hill of the Acropolis kurulmuştur.pers ruler Darius , the Scythians from the return , the generals Megabisos Marmara around town clerk had to mount the Persian Empire . Vizas (Byzantine ) city , Darius' Scythian return time after BC 479 years, until the Persian Empire , was attached to the same year of the Greeks Persians Platea city in the region ingestion of less then , Isparta King Pavsanias city were seized.

Iı.filip king of Macedonia in 340 BC , the city siege Even though there has not been captured . Also receive help from the Persians , the Athenians a deal with the Greek city-states , rushed to the aid of Bizanstio .

Whereupon II. Filip uninstall the siege was forced to return . Roman Emperor Septimius Sevirus'l to ( 193-211) , Roman general Niger collision between the Byzantine city of Nigera take the side ¬ brigadier from the Emperor himself against the enemy alliance with the Byzantines revenge, 193 years in the city besieged and three years after a siege , in the year 196 were captured . City people are very tough on the city's walls , overall destruction that made Sevirus , after a while the son Antony Bassianus Caracalla 's request and upon request , of this city against the harsh attitude changing , rebuilt the walls the city with magnification was . These walls , Vizas walls , built a little further west and gave the city a larger width .

Septimus Sevirus the walls, today's Eminönü in the old Packet Post Office is located , starting from the Court road Fuat Pasha tomb , and from there on the Obelisk, the Burmese column and the German fountain is located parked course ( Ottoman era Hippodrome, Byzantines Hippdro place called ) by turning the Blue passes through the location of the mosque , was to reach the sea in the neighborhood Ahırkapı . Sevirus today Gulhane park amphitheater -style theater, Akron ¬ polda Yupiter ( Zeus) , FEBUS (Apollo ) and Venus ( Aphrodite ) as god and goddess to the endowed shrines been performed , 203 years in the Hippodrome building to push began .

In 306 , defeating opponents , Rome IM ¬ emperors with Constantine ( 306-323 ) , July 3 in 324 competitors Likinius e is ¬ ( Adriyanopolis ) around in the war , was defeated , Byzantium fled Likinus , Konstantin come to learn that , Üsküdar a ( Hrisupolis ) were taken. Constantine was defeated Likinus here . At the same time also has conquered Byzantium . Constantine then abandoned the city of Rome , the center has gained Bizantion the city itself . Thus was started the second round of imaparatorlug .
( 324-337 ) in 324 November 8 , this city with the name of the new Roman empire and subsequently was declared as the center of the city , in reference to the emperor's name , Konstantionopolis got its name . The emperor, in the same year , the city will pass the width and location of the walls by detecting personally , ordered built . The city of Constantine the black directions of the walls on the current Atatürk Bridge, west of the Golden Horn from the coast başlıyarak , Sultanselim and Fatih Mosque among Cerrahpaşa district towards the stretches, Etyemez district near a large curvature 've done , Samatia near the Marmara coast was up . Emperor Constantine 's time, the city was divided into 14 mıntaka . This mıntaka 12 from the walls surrounding the city of Constantine was for .

13 Mintaka today's Galata district , 14 Mintaka , the present Eğrikapı ( Vlaherna ) zone was .

Today their names, when it comes to the location of the seven hills of Istanbul : the first hill : on the Topkapi Palace , Hagia Sophia Museum , Blue Mosque, Hippodrome and their avoidance ; Second hill : Çemberlitas column location and the surrounding area ; The third peak : Istanbul University is located and vicinity ; The fourth peak : Fatih Mosque ' location and the vicinity ; The fifth peak : Sultanselim the area of ​​the Old City evlericamii ; Seventh hill : Cerrahpaşa and Hasseki hospitals where they are , and vicinity .

Emperor Constantine , while the chassis of the city walls , began to undergo many buildings in the city . 325 In Ayia Irini (today Hagia Sophia museum near the Topkapi Palace, which translates within its walls for a while as a military museum is used.) And Ayia Apostoli ( approximately Fatih Mosque ' in the place was ) churches has built . Again, the basics of Ayia Sofia church by removing the time of Emperor Constantine , the emperor and his son began to build Konstanios ( 337-361 ) was completed on time . As reported by R. Janin , the roof of this church in 381 , who Ari ( Arius in sectarian ones) if burned by too quickly has been repaired , the second time in 404 years, the burning building was built back in the year 406 . A large part of wood because , Jan. 15, 532 nights , Nika Rebellion completely was burned , the emperor Constantine, previously also , as mentioned , 203 In impart the Septimius Sevirus the building to push began Racecourse has been completed. Construction of Constantine in 330 bit secret - henceforth the city of Constantine in the year 330 of May 11 was the official generation is made . Çemberlitaş in ( Column of Constantine ) was erected in the year 330 .